David Domoney

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  • How do I keep my Hydrangeas flowering blue?

    How do I keep my Hydrangeas flowering blue?

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    Hydrangeas are well known for being affected by whether their soil is acidic or alkaline, nature’s litmus test. But if you would prefer your Hydrangeas to stay blue, there are a few ways you can help them out.

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    Put in the work

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    If the soil in your garden is naturally quite limey, you will find you’ll need to put in a lot of work to keep your Hydrangeas blue. However, it is worth it in the end, for their lovely, delicate colour.

    It isn’t a total loss if you can’t successfully maintain acidic soil for blue Hydrangeas. If you don’t get the soil acidic enough, your flowers may become a beautiful combination of blue and pink, even turning a lilac shade in places.

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    Get potted up!

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    A particularly easy way to isolate your Hydrangeas is to grow them in pots! This way, you have complete control over what goes into that container. Also, it is much easier to maintain an acidic pH in a controlled environment.

    By starting with ericaceous compost, and continuing to acidify your soil throughout the year, your Hydrangeas should stay blue easily!

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    How to acidify your soil

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    The first thing you need to do is to test your soil before you start. This way, you will have a good idea of how far away from that pH you are to begin with.  To keep your Hydrangea truly blue, the pH of your soil will need to be 5.5 or lower.

    You can do this at any time of the year, but you may need to adjust if using sulphurous products. These take longer to work when the soil is cold, so worth aiming for spring through to autumn for the best results.

    There are several ways you can maintain acidity in your soil:

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    Sulphur

    Organisms in the soil will convert the Sulphur into Sulphuric acid. Naturally, this will increase the acidity! Don’t worry though, this won’t burn you!

    This, however, can take several weeks. Potentially even months if the soil is cool, particularly if carried out in winter months.

    Using Sulphur is one of the most effective and affordable ways to acidify your soil if you can be patient.

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    Ferrous Sulphate (Sulphate of Iron)

    Ferrous sulphate is a much quicker method than using Sulphur.

    It works by binding iron ions with clay in the soil. This kicks out hydrogen ions, which combine with the remaining sulphate ions. The result is a mild solution of Sulphuric acid.

    This is much quicker than using Sulphur, but you need it in much higher quantities for the same ultimate impact. Therefore, it is a more expensive option.

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    Aluminium Sulphate

    This is often used to ‘blue’ hydrangeas and is otherwise known as a ‘blueing agent’.

    Because it works so quickly, it is easy to accidentally lower the pH too much, resulting in a high build-up of aluminium in the soil. This could be toxic to the plant, so be mindful.

    The cost of using Aluminium sulphate is comparable to Ferrous sulphate, so more than the cost of Sulphur.

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    Method

    To help your soil become acidic enough for Hydrangeas, you will need to alter the soil quite deeply. If you don’t go low enough, they will potentially be drawing water from limey soil instead.

    This could mean altering your soil at least 30 cm/1 foot deep. It will be quite a lot of work, but worth it for the impact of blue flowers!

    Firstly, you will want to dig in a considerable amount of ericaceous compost. This is designed to be acidic for acid-loving plants like heathers, azaleas, and rhododendrons. The name ericaceous even comes from the Latin ‘Erica’, meaning ‘heather’!

    I would suggest that you use some protective equipment before moving on to the Sulphur application. Gloves, goggles, and a dust mask should provide adequate protection.

    Then, apply your Sulphur. You can sprinkle it over the surface and water it into the soil, but this may take a while to penetrate. If you can, cultivate it into the ground with a rotovator.

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    Maintaining acidic soil

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    There are a few ways to try to boost your acidic soil with low effort, to maintain acidity.

    You could water your plants with a very weak solution of water and lemon juice, or vinegar. All you would need is 1 tablespoon of vinegar or lemon juice in 2 litres of water. Occasionally watering your plants with this solution will add a little extra acidity. Use rainwater for this, as tap water tends to be slightly more alkaline.

    You can also apply mulch to keep your soil thick and full of nutrients. This can also help to maintain acidity if you use the right materials! Aim for leaf mould, pine needle, ericaceous compost, and bark chippings for your Hydrangea mulch.

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    By following my advice, you can be proud of your blue Hydrangeas in your garden. Use science to your advantage and keep your Hydrangeas blooming blue every year.

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    To find out more about growing Hydrangeas:

    [/fusion_text][/fusion_builder_column][fusion_builder_column type=”1_2″ layout=”1_2″ spacing=”” center_content=”no” hover_type=”none” link=”” min_height=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” class=”” id=”” background_color=”” background_image=”” background_position=”left top” background_repeat=”no-repeat” border_color=”” border_style=”solid” border_position=”all” padding_top=”” padding_right=”” padding_bottom=”” padding_left=”” margin_top=”” margin_bottom=”” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_offset=”” last=”true” border_sizes_top=”0″ border_sizes_bottom=”0″ border_sizes_left=”0″ border_sizes_right=”0″ first=”false”][fusion_text]

    Or check out my Pinterest board for more ideas:

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  • How to sow seeds like an expert

    How to sow seeds like an expert

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    There are few things in the garden that are as exciting as sowing seeds. From placing the seed in the soil to waiting for it to grow into a seedling. There is a wonderful sense of joy when the green shoots pop through. I still enjoy that same excitement as I did when I sowed my first seeds when I was small.

    I’m going to show you the best methods to sow seeds. And illustrate how to treat different types of seeds to get the best results.

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    What do the labels on seed packets mean?

    [/fusion_title][fusion_builder_row_inner][fusion_builder_column_inner type=”1_1″ layout=”1_1″ align_self=”auto” content_layout=”column” align_content=”flex-start” valign_content=”flex-start” content_wrap=”wrap” spacing=”” center_content=”no” column_tag=”div” link=”” target=”_self” link_description=”” min_height=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” type_medium=”” type_small=”” flex_grow_medium=”” flex_grow_small=”” flex_grow=”” flex_shrink_medium=”” flex_shrink_small=”” flex_shrink=”” order_medium=”0″ order_small=”0″ dimension_spacing_medium=”” dimension_spacing_small=”” dimension_spacing=”” dimension_margin_medium=”” dimension_margin_small=”” dimension_margin=”” padding_medium=”” padding_small=”” padding_top=”” padding_right=”” padding_bottom=”” padding_left=”” hover_type=”none” border_sizes=”” border_color_hover=”” border_color=”” border_style=”solid” border_radius=”” box_shadow=”no” dimension_box_shadow=”” box_shadow_blur=”0″ box_shadow_spread=”0″ box_shadow_color=”” box_shadow_style=”” z_index_hover=”” z_index=”” overflow=”” background_type=”single” gradient_start_color=”” gradient_end_color=”” gradient_start_position=”0″ gradient_end_position=”100″ gradient_type=”linear” radial_direction=”center center” linear_angle=”180″ background_color_medium=”” background_color_small=”” background_color_medium_hover=”” background_color_small_hover=”” background_color_hover=”” background_color=”” background_image_medium=”” background_image_small=”” background_image=”” background_image_id_medium=”” background_image_id_small=”” background_image_id=”” lazy_load=”none” skip_lazy_load=”” background_position_medium=”” background_position_small=”” background_position=”left top” background_repeat_medium=”” background_repeat_small=”” background_repeat=”no-repeat” background_size_medium=”” background_size_small=”” background_size=”” background_custom_size=”” background_custom_size_medium=”” background_custom_size_small=”” background_blend_mode_medium=”” background_blend_mode_small=”” background_blend_mode=”none” render_logics=”” sticky=”off” sticky_devices=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_offset=”” absolute=”off” absolute_props=”” filter_type=”regular” filter_hover_element=”self” filter_hue=”0″ filter_saturation=”100″ filter_brightness=”100″ filter_contrast=”100″ filter_invert=”0″ filter_sepia=”0″ filter_opacity=”100″ filter_blur=”0″ filter_hue_hover=”0″ filter_saturation_hover=”100″ filter_brightness_hover=”100″ filter_contrast_hover=”100″ filter_invert_hover=”0″ filter_sepia_hover=”0″ filter_opacity_hover=”100″ filter_blur_hover=”0″ transform_type=”regular” transform_hover_element=”self” transform_scale_x=”1″ transform_scale_y=”1″ transform_translate_x=”0″ transform_translate_y=”0″ transform_rotate=”0″ transform_skew_x=”0″ transform_skew_y=”0″ transform_scale_x_hover=”1″ transform_scale_y_hover=”1″ transform_translate_x_hover=”0″ transform_translate_y_hover=”0″ transform_rotate_hover=”0″ transform_skew_x_hover=”0″ transform_skew_y_hover=”0″ transform_origin=”” transition_duration=”300″ transition_easing=”ease” transition_custom_easing=”” motion_effects=”” scroll_motion_devices=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_color=”” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_delay=”0″ animation_offset=”” last=”true” border_position=”all” element_content=”” first=”true”][fusion_text columns=”” column_min_width=”” column_spacing=”” rule_style=”” rule_size=”” rule_color=”” hue=”” saturation=”” lightness=”” alpha=”” content_alignment_medium=”” content_alignment_small=”” content_alignment=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” margin_top=”” margin_right=”” margin_bottom=”” margin_left=”” fusion_font_family_text_font=”” fusion_font_variant_text_font=”” font_size=”” line_height=”” letter_spacing=”” text_transform=”” text_color=”” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_color=”” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_delay=”0″ animation_offset=”” logics=””]

    Gardening has many terms that on the surface can seem a little confusing. Yet, once you know what they mean, they make a lot of sense. I have a detailed and user-friendly glossary that may find useful too.

    [/fusion_text][fusion_separator style_type=”default” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” flex_grow=”0″ top_margin=”” bottom_margin=”” width=”” height=”20″ alignment=”center” border_size=”” weight=”” amount=”” sep_color=”” hue=”” saturation=”” lightness=”” alpha=”” icon=”” icon_size=”” icon_color=”” icon_circle=”” icon_circle_color=”” /][/fusion_builder_column_inner][fusion_builder_column_inner type=”1_1″ layout=”1_1″ align_self=”auto” content_layout=”column” align_content=”flex-start” valign_content=”flex-start” content_wrap=”wrap” spacing=”” center_content=”no” column_tag=”div” link=”” target=”_self” link_description=”” min_height=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” type_medium=”” type_small=”” flex_grow_medium=”” flex_grow_small=”” flex_grow=”” flex_shrink_medium=”” flex_shrink_small=”” flex_shrink=”” order_medium=”0″ order_small=”0″ dimension_spacing_medium=”” dimension_spacing_small=”” dimension_spacing=”” dimension_margin_medium=”” dimension_margin_small=”” dimension_margin=”” padding_medium=”” padding_small=”” padding_top=”” padding_right=”” padding_bottom=”” padding_left=”” hover_type=”none” border_sizes=”” border_color_hover=”” border_color=”” border_style=”solid” border_radius=”” box_shadow=”no” dimension_box_shadow=”” box_shadow_blur=”0″ box_shadow_spread=”0″ box_shadow_color=”” box_shadow_style=”” z_index_hover=”” z_index=”” overflow=”” background_type=”single” gradient_start_color=”” gradient_end_color=”” gradient_start_position=”0″ gradient_end_position=”100″ gradient_type=”linear” radial_direction=”center center” linear_angle=”180″ background_color_medium=”” background_color_small=”” background_color_medium_hover=”” background_color_small_hover=”” background_color_hover=”” background_color=”” background_image_medium=”” background_image_small=”” background_image=”” background_image_id_medium=”” background_image_id_small=”” background_image_id=”” lazy_load=”none” skip_lazy_load=”” background_position_medium=”” background_position_small=”” background_position=”left top” background_repeat_medium=”” background_repeat_small=”” background_repeat=”no-repeat” background_size_medium=”” background_size_small=”” background_size=”” background_custom_size=”” background_custom_size_medium=”” background_custom_size_small=”” background_blend_mode_medium=”” background_blend_mode_small=”” background_blend_mode=”none” render_logics=”” sticky=”off” sticky_devices=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_offset=”” absolute=”off” absolute_props=”” filter_type=”regular” filter_hover_element=”self” filter_hue=”0″ filter_saturation=”100″ filter_brightness=”100″ filter_contrast=”100″ filter_invert=”0″ filter_sepia=”0″ filter_opacity=”100″ filter_blur=”0″ filter_hue_hover=”0″ filter_saturation_hover=”100″ filter_brightness_hover=”100″ filter_contrast_hover=”100″ filter_invert_hover=”0″ filter_sepia_hover=”0″ filter_opacity_hover=”100″ filter_blur_hover=”0″ transform_type=”regular” transform_hover_element=”self” transform_scale_x=”1″ transform_scale_y=”1″ transform_translate_x=”0″ transform_translate_y=”0″ transform_rotate=”0″ transform_skew_x=”0″ transform_skew_y=”0″ transform_scale_x_hover=”1″ transform_scale_y_hover=”1″ transform_translate_x_hover=”0″ transform_translate_y_hover=”0″ transform_rotate_hover=”0″ transform_skew_x_hover=”0″ transform_skew_y_hover=”0″ transform_origin=”” transition_duration=”300″ transition_easing=”ease” transition_custom_easing=”” motion_effects=”” scroll_motion_devices=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_color=”” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_delay=”0″ animation_offset=”” last=”true” border_position=”all” first=”true”][fusion_text columns=”” column_min_width=”” column_spacing=”” rule_style=”” rule_size=”” rule_color=”” hue=”” saturation=”” lightness=”” alpha=”” content_alignment_medium=”” content_alignment_small=”” content_alignment=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” margin_top=”” margin_right=”” margin_bottom=”” margin_left=”” fusion_font_family_text_font=”” fusion_font_variant_text_font=”” font_size=”” line_height=”” letter_spacing=”” text_transform=”” text_color=”” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_color=”” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_delay=”0″ animation_offset=”” logics=””]

    Hardy annuals

    These are plants that can cope with cooler conditions. But as an annual, they only live for one year. You can sow these seeds directly outdoors. Just check the packet to make sure you plant them out at the right time of year.

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    Half-hardy annuals

    These are plants that need protection from colder weather and will only live for a year. You’ll need to sow the seeds indoors first and then plan outdoors when the weather is warmer.

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    Biennials

    These are plants that have a two-year life. In the first they will establish themselves through the growth of foliage. And in the second they will flower and produce seed.

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    Hardy perennials

    Perennials are plants that live for more than two years and can cope in colder weather.

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    Half-hardy perennials

    As with their hardy counterparts, they live for more than two years, but welcome protection during colder weather conditions.

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    Sowing seeds outdoors

    [/fusion_title][fusion_builder_row_inner][fusion_builder_column_inner type=”1_1″ layout=”1_1″ align_self=”auto” content_layout=”column” align_content=”flex-start” valign_content=”flex-start” content_wrap=”wrap” spacing=”” center_content=”no” column_tag=”div” link=”” target=”_self” link_description=”” min_height=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” order_medium=”0″ order_small=”0″ hover_type=”none” border_color_hover=”” border_color=”” border_style=”solid” box_shadow=”no” box_shadow_blur=”0″ box_shadow_spread=”0″ box_shadow_color=”” box_shadow_style=”” z_index_hover=”” z_index=”” overflow=”” background_type=”single” gradient_start_position=”0″ gradient_end_position=”100″ gradient_type=”linear” radial_direction=”center center” linear_angle=”180″ background_color_medium=”” background_color_small=”” background_color_medium_hover=”” background_color_small_hover=”” background_color_hover=”” background_color=”” background_image_medium=”” background_image_small=”” background_image=”” background_image_id_medium=”” background_image_id_small=”” background_image_id=”” lazy_load=”none” skip_lazy_load=”” background_position_medium=”” background_position_small=”” background_position=”left top” background_repeat_medium=”” background_repeat_small=”” background_repeat=”no-repeat” background_size_medium=”” background_size_small=”” background_size=”” background_blend_mode_medium=”” background_blend_mode_small=”” background_blend_mode=”none” sticky=”off” sticky_devices=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_offset=”” absolute=”off” filter_type=”regular” filter_hover_element=”self” filter_hue=”0″ filter_saturation=”100″ filter_brightness=”100″ filter_contrast=”100″ filter_invert=”0″ filter_sepia=”0″ filter_opacity=”100″ filter_blur=”0″ filter_hue_hover=”0″ filter_saturation_hover=”100″ filter_brightness_hover=”100″ filter_contrast_hover=”100″ filter_invert_hover=”0″ filter_sepia_hover=”0″ filter_opacity_hover=”100″ filter_blur_hover=”0″ transform_type=”regular” transform_hover_element=”self” transform_scale_x=”1″ transform_scale_y=”1″ transform_translate_x=”0″ transform_translate_y=”0″ transform_rotate=”0″ transform_skew_x=”0″ transform_skew_y=”0″ transform_scale_x_hover=”1″ transform_scale_y_hover=”1″ transform_translate_x_hover=”0″ transform_translate_y_hover=”0″ transform_rotate_hover=”0″ transform_skew_x_hover=”0″ transform_skew_y_hover=”0″ transition_duration=”300″ transition_easing=”ease” scroll_motion_devices=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_delay=”0″ animation_offset=”” last=”true” border_position=”all” element_content=”” first=”true”][fusion_text columns=”” column_min_width=”” column_spacing=”” rule_style=”” rule_size=”” rule_color=”” hue=”” saturation=”” lightness=”” alpha=”” content_alignment_medium=”” content_alignment_small=”” content_alignment=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” margin_top=”” margin_right=”” margin_bottom=”” margin_left=”” fusion_font_family_text_font=”” fusion_font_variant_text_font=”” font_size=”” line_height=”” letter_spacing=”” text_transform=”” text_color=”” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_color=”” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_delay=”0″ animation_offset=”” logics=””]

    You can sow seeds in pots or the ground, the amount of space that you may have will determine this for you. If you are sowing directly into the earth the packets will tell you at what time of year this needs to be.

    Now if you are planning to grow a flower bed packed with blooms, then there is a technique that you can use that will produce an attractive display. This method will work for hardy or half-hardy varieties, you just need to ensure that sow the seeds at the right time of year.

    Let’s work through this step by step:

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    Soil preparation

    Your first step is to prepare the soil to ensure that seeds will get enough water and air, and the new roots can reach down to grow. You want to be working the soil when the surface is dry but below is moist. You will want to rake soil so that it is level and be crumbly to touch on the surface. You’ll need a soil or bow tine rake to do this work.

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    Designing the bed

    Referred to as ‘Marking out’ this task isn’t essential. After all its great fun to cast seed. But, by marking out the bed, it will help you achieve a more attractive and even looking flower bed. Plus, it will make thinning out and weeding much easier to do.

    You mark out the bed by creating seed drills. Drills are straight grooves or furrows made in the soil. And despite what you may think you can get creative with the drills too.

    Here are a couple of examples:

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    Completing your drills

    The drill itself is determined by the size of the seed. A good method to follow is double the amount of soil to the size of the seed. So, if a seed is 2cm tall, then your drill depth should be 4cm.

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    Top Tip 

    You want the soil to be dry when sowing seeds, so avoid watering until after.

    There are various gadgets on the market to help you can you with the drilling. But I find a broom handle is easy to use.

    If you are planting different varieties of seeds in the same bed, then mark those areas with bamboo cane and pop on a plant label.

    [/fusion_text][/fusion_builder_column_inner][/fusion_builder_row_inner][fusion_builder_row_inner][fusion_builder_column_inner type=”1_1″ layout=”1_1″ align_self=”auto” content_layout=”column” align_content=”flex-start” valign_content=”flex-start” content_wrap=”wrap” spacing=”” center_content=”no” column_tag=”div” link=”” target=”_self” link_description=”” min_height=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” order_medium=”0″ order_small=”0″ hover_type=”none” border_color_hover=”” border_color=”” border_style=”solid” box_shadow=”no” box_shadow_blur=”0″ box_shadow_spread=”0″ box_shadow_color=”” box_shadow_style=”” z_index_hover=”” z_index=”” overflow=”” background_type=”single” gradient_start_position=”0″ gradient_end_position=”100″ gradient_type=”linear” radial_direction=”center center” linear_angle=”180″ background_color_medium=”” background_color_small=”” background_color_medium_hover=”” background_color_small_hover=”” background_color_hover=”” background_color=”” background_image_medium=”” background_image_small=”” background_image=”” background_image_id_medium=”” background_image_id_small=”” background_image_id=”” lazy_load=”none” skip_lazy_load=”” background_position_medium=”” background_position_small=”” background_position=”left top” background_repeat_medium=”” background_repeat_small=”” background_repeat=”no-repeat” background_size_medium=”” background_size_small=”” background_size=”” background_blend_mode_medium=”” background_blend_mode_small=”” background_blend_mode=”none” sticky=”off” sticky_devices=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_offset=”” absolute=”off” filter_type=”regular” filter_hover_element=”self” filter_hue=”0″ filter_saturation=”100″ filter_brightness=”100″ filter_contrast=”100″ filter_invert=”0″ filter_sepia=”0″ filter_opacity=”100″ filter_blur=”0″ filter_hue_hover=”0″ filter_saturation_hover=”100″ filter_brightness_hover=”100″ filter_contrast_hover=”100″ filter_invert_hover=”0″ filter_sepia_hover=”0″ filter_opacity_hover=”100″ filter_blur_hover=”0″ transform_type=”regular” transform_hover_element=”self” transform_scale_x=”1″ transform_scale_y=”1″ transform_translate_x=”0″ transform_translate_y=”0″ transform_rotate=”0″ transform_skew_x=”0″ transform_skew_y=”0″ transform_scale_x_hover=”1″ transform_scale_y_hover=”1″ transform_translate_x_hover=”0″ transform_translate_y_hover=”0″ transform_rotate_hover=”0″ transform_skew_x_hover=”0″ transform_skew_y_hover=”0″ transition_duration=”300″ transition_easing=”ease” scroll_motion_devices=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_delay=”0″ animation_offset=”” last=”true” border_position=”all” element_content=”” first=”true”][fusion_text columns=”” column_min_width=”” column_spacing=”” rule_style=”” rule_size=”” rule_color=”” hue=”” saturation=”” lightness=”” alpha=”” content_alignment_medium=”” content_alignment_small=”” content_alignment=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” margin_top=”” margin_right=”” margin_bottom=”” margin_left=”” fusion_font_family_text_font=”” fusion_font_variant_text_font=”” font_size=”” line_height=”” letter_spacing=”” text_transform=”” text_color=”” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_color=”” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_delay=”0″ animation_offset=”” logics=””]

    Sowing

    Your aim is sow thinly. Carefully place the soil into the drill and space out as the seed packet advises. This takes time but you will have an even spread of your seeds. Once your seeds have been placed in the drill, you can then rake over the soil to fill in the grooves.

    Gently water the area, use the shower setting from your hose gun, or make sure the rose of your watering can is attached. Now you just wait for germination to take place. This will vary by plant but will normally occur within 10-14 days.

    I’d also make sure that there is another easy to access food supply in the garden for birds. This in my experience works much better than any deterrents.

    [/fusion_text][fusion_separator style_type=”default” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” flex_grow=”0″ top_margin=”” bottom_margin=”” width=”” height=”20″ alignment=”center” border_size=”” weight=”” amount=”” sep_color=”” hue=”” saturation=”” lightness=”” alpha=”” icon=”” icon_size=”” icon_color=”” icon_circle=”” icon_circle_color=”” /][fusion_imageframe image_id=”64575|full” aspect_ratio=”” custom_aspect_ratio=”100″ aspect_ratio_position=”” skip_lazy_load=”” lightbox=”no” gallery_id=”” lightbox_image=”” lightbox_image_id=”” alt=”” link=”” linktarget=”_self” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” max_width=”” sticky_max_width=”” align_medium=”none” align_small=”none” align=”center” mask=”” custom_mask=”” mask_size=”” mask_custom_size=”” mask_position=”” mask_custom_position=”” mask_repeat=”” style_type=”” blur=”” stylecolor=”” hue=”” saturation=”” lightness=”” alpha=”” hover_type=”none” magnify_full_img=”” magnify_duration=”120″ scroll_height=”100″ scroll_speed=”1″ margin_top_medium=”” margin_right_medium=”” margin_bottom_medium=”” margin_left_medium=”” margin_top_small=”” margin_right_small=”” margin_bottom_small=”” margin_left_small=”” margin_top=”” margin_right=”” margin_bottom=”” margin_left=”” bordersize=”” bordercolor=”” borderradius=”” z_index=”” caption_style=”off” caption_align_medium=”none” caption_align_small=”none” caption_align=”none” caption_title=”” caption_text=”” caption_title_tag=”2″ fusion_font_family_caption_title_font=”” fusion_font_variant_caption_title_font=”” caption_title_size=”” caption_title_line_height=”” caption_title_letter_spacing=”” caption_title_transform=”” caption_title_color=”” caption_background_color=”” fusion_font_family_caption_text_font=”” fusion_font_variant_caption_text_font=”” caption_text_size=”” caption_text_line_height=”” caption_text_letter_spacing=”” caption_text_transform=”” caption_text_color=”” caption_border_color=”” caption_overlay_color=”” caption_margin_top=”” caption_margin_right=”” caption_margin_bottom=”” caption_margin_left=”” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_color=”” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_delay=”0″ animation_offset=”” filter_hue=”0″ filter_saturation=”100″ filter_brightness=”100″ filter_contrast=”100″ filter_invert=”0″ filter_sepia=”0″ filter_opacity=”100″ filter_blur=”0″ filter_hue_hover=”0″ filter_saturation_hover=”100″ filter_brightness_hover=”100″ filter_contrast_hover=”100″ filter_invert_hover=”0″ filter_sepia_hover=”0″ filter_opacity_hover=”100″ filter_blur_hover=”0″]https://new.daviddomoney.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Sowing-seeds-outdoors.jpg[/fusion_imageframe][fusion_text columns=”” column_min_width=”” column_spacing=”” rule_style=”” rule_size=”” rule_color=”” hue=”” saturation=”” lightness=”” alpha=”” content_alignment_medium=”” content_alignment_small=”” content_alignment=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” margin_top=”” margin_right=”” margin_bottom=”” margin_left=”” fusion_font_family_text_font=”” fusion_font_variant_text_font=”” font_size=”” line_height=”” letter_spacing=”” text_transform=”” text_color=”” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_color=”” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_delay=”0″ animation_offset=”” logics=””]

    Top Tip 

    Use some horticultural/dry or silver sand with very small seeds. This helps you achieve an even spread.

    [/fusion_text][fusion_text columns=”” column_min_width=”” column_spacing=”” rule_style=”” rule_size=”” rule_color=”” hue=”” saturation=”” lightness=”” alpha=”” content_alignment_medium=”” content_alignment_small=”” content_alignment=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” margin_top=”” margin_right=”” margin_bottom=”” margin_left=”” fusion_font_family_text_font=”” fusion_font_variant_text_font=”” font_size=”” line_height=”” letter_spacing=”” text_transform=”” text_color=”” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_color=”” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_delay=”0″ animation_offset=”” logics=””]

    Thinning out

    After your seeds have germinated, you’ll start to see lots of tiny green shoots and leaves in your new bed. This is point at which you need to remove the poorer performing seedlings. Work on a principle of 1 inch or 2.5cm per seedling. It is important to be gentle when lifting the seedling, you want to avoid disturbing the plants you want to retain.

    Check the seedlings again in 10 days’ time to see if you need to remove any more struggling seedlings. Work on the same spacing principle – but you seed packet should help this with this.

    [/fusion_text][/fusion_builder_column_inner][/fusion_builder_row_inner][fusion_separator style_type=”default” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” flex_grow=”0″ top_margin=”” bottom_margin=”” width=”” height=”20″ alignment=”center” border_size=”” weight=”” amount=”” sep_color=”” hue=”” saturation=”” lightness=”” alpha=”” icon=”” icon_size=”” icon_color=”” icon_circle=”” icon_circle_color=”” /][fusion_title title_type=”text” rotation_effect=”bounceIn” display_time=”1200″ highlight_effect=”circle” loop_animation=”off” highlight_width=”9″ highlight_top_margin=”0″ before_text=”” rotation_text=”” highlight_text=”” after_text=”” title_link=”off” link_url=”” link_target=”_self” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” content_align_medium=”” content_align_small=”” content_align=”center” size=”1″ animated_font_size=”” fusion_font_family_title_font=”” fusion_font_variant_title_font=”” font_size=”” line_height=”” letter_spacing=”” text_transform=”” text_color=”” hue=”” saturation=”” lightness=”” alpha=”” animated_text_color=”” text_shadow=”no” text_shadow_vertical=”” text_shadow_horizontal=”” text_shadow_blur=”0″ text_shadow_color=”” text_stroke=”no” text_stroke_size=”1″ text_stroke_color=”” text_overflow=”none” margin_top_medium=”” margin_right_medium=”” margin_bottom_medium=”” margin_left_medium=”” margin_top_small=”” margin_right_small=”” margin_bottom_small=”” margin_left_small=”” margin_top=”” margin_right=”” margin_bottom=”” margin_left=”” margin_top_mobile=”” margin_bottom_mobile=”” gradient_font=”no” gradient_start_color=”” gradient_end_color=”” gradient_start_position=”0″ gradient_end_position=”100″ gradient_type=”linear” radial_direction=”center center” linear_angle=”180″ highlight_color=”” style_type=”single solid” sep_color=”” link_color=”” link_hover_color=”” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_color=”” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_delay=”0″ animation_offset=””]

    Sowing seeds indoors

    [/fusion_title][fusion_builder_row_inner][fusion_builder_column_inner type=”1_1″ layout=”1_1″ align_self=”auto” content_layout=”column” align_content=”flex-start” valign_content=”flex-start” content_wrap=”wrap” spacing=”” center_content=”no” column_tag=”div” link=”” target=”_self” link_description=”” min_height=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” order_medium=”0″ order_small=”0″ hover_type=”none” border_color_hover=”” border_color=”” border_style=”solid” box_shadow=”no” box_shadow_blur=”0″ box_shadow_spread=”0″ box_shadow_color=”” box_shadow_style=”” z_index_hover=”” z_index=”” overflow=”” background_type=”single” gradient_start_position=”0″ gradient_end_position=”100″ gradient_type=”linear” radial_direction=”center center” linear_angle=”180″ background_color_medium=”” background_color_small=”” background_color_medium_hover=”” background_color_small_hover=”” background_color_hover=”” background_color=”” background_image_medium=”” background_image_small=”” background_image=”” background_image_id_medium=”” background_image_id_small=”” background_image_id=”” lazy_load=”none” skip_lazy_load=”” background_position_medium=”” background_position_small=”” background_position=”left top” background_repeat_medium=”” background_repeat_small=”” background_repeat=”no-repeat” background_size_medium=”” background_size_small=”” background_size=”” background_blend_mode_medium=”” background_blend_mode_small=”” background_blend_mode=”none” sticky=”off” sticky_devices=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_offset=”” absolute=”off” filter_type=”regular” filter_hover_element=”self” filter_hue=”0″ filter_saturation=”100″ filter_brightness=”100″ filter_contrast=”100″ filter_invert=”0″ filter_sepia=”0″ filter_opacity=”100″ filter_blur=”0″ filter_hue_hover=”0″ filter_saturation_hover=”100″ filter_brightness_hover=”100″ filter_contrast_hover=”100″ filter_invert_hover=”0″ filter_sepia_hover=”0″ filter_opacity_hover=”100″ filter_blur_hover=”0″ transform_type=”regular” transform_hover_element=”self” transform_scale_x=”1″ transform_scale_y=”1″ transform_translate_x=”0″ transform_translate_y=”0″ transform_rotate=”0″ transform_skew_x=”0″ transform_skew_y=”0″ transform_scale_x_hover=”1″ transform_scale_y_hover=”1″ transform_translate_x_hover=”0″ transform_translate_y_hover=”0″ transform_rotate_hover=”0″ transform_skew_x_hover=”0″ transform_skew_y_hover=”0″ transition_duration=”300″ transition_easing=”ease” scroll_motion_devices=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_delay=”0″ animation_offset=”” last=”true” border_position=”all” element_content=”” first=”true”][fusion_text columns=”” column_min_width=”” column_spacing=”” rule_style=”” rule_size=”” rule_color=”” hue=”” saturation=”” lightness=”” alpha=”” content_alignment_medium=”” content_alignment_small=”” content_alignment=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” margin_top=”” margin_right=”” margin_bottom=”” margin_left=”” fusion_font_family_text_font=”” fusion_font_variant_text_font=”” font_size=”” line_height=”” letter_spacing=”” text_transform=”” text_color=”” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_color=”” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_delay=”0″ animation_offset=”” logics=””]

    So, for your half-hardy seeds you need to start these indoors. This is because the weather is too cold for the seeds. You can also start of some of your hardy seeds this way too, particularly if you are looking for several of them to start in flowering early.

    Again, before you start, read the seed packet, it will advise you the months in which you can start this process.

    [/fusion_text][fusion_text columns=”” column_min_width=”” column_spacing=”” rule_style=”” rule_size=”” rule_color=”” hue=”” saturation=”” lightness=”” alpha=”” content_alignment_medium=”” content_alignment_small=”” content_alignment=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” margin_top=”” margin_right=”” margin_bottom=”” margin_left=”” fusion_font_family_text_font=”” fusion_font_variant_text_font=”” font_size=”” line_height=”” letter_spacing=”” text_transform=”” text_color=”” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_color=”” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_delay=”0″ animation_offset=”” logics=””]

    What do I need to get started?

    A suitable container – make sure the container is clean and dry before you start. You can pick up seed trays with drainage holes in them, or make your own, but if you are using unglazed clay pots, they need to be soaked overnight first.

    Why soak the clay pot you ask? Well soaking the pot enables the pot to absorb moisture which in turn prevents the compost from drying out. This approach may not be work as well in warmer climates, where the pot can dry out quicker. In which case a good watering regime is critical to success.

    Some Peat-Free Seed and Cutting Compost – you can use standard Peat-Free compost, but the seed and cutting varieties have been especially mixed to improve performance.

    [/fusion_text][fusion_imageframe image_id=”64577|full” aspect_ratio=”” custom_aspect_ratio=”100″ aspect_ratio_position=”” skip_lazy_load=”” lightbox=”no” gallery_id=”” lightbox_image=”” lightbox_image_id=”” alt=”” link=”” linktarget=”_self” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” max_width=”” sticky_max_width=”” align_medium=”none” align_small=”none” align=”center” mask=”” custom_mask=”” mask_size=”” mask_custom_size=”” mask_position=”” mask_custom_position=”” mask_repeat=”” style_type=”” blur=”” stylecolor=”” hue=”” saturation=”” lightness=”” alpha=”” hover_type=”none” magnify_full_img=”” magnify_duration=”120″ scroll_height=”100″ scroll_speed=”1″ margin_top_medium=”” margin_right_medium=”” margin_bottom_medium=”” margin_left_medium=”” margin_top_small=”” margin_right_small=”” margin_bottom_small=”” margin_left_small=”” margin_top=”” margin_right=”” margin_bottom=”” margin_left=”” bordersize=”” bordercolor=”” borderradius=”” z_index=”” caption_style=”off” caption_align_medium=”none” caption_align_small=”none” caption_align=”none” caption_title=”” caption_text=”” caption_title_tag=”2″ fusion_font_family_caption_title_font=”” fusion_font_variant_caption_title_font=”” caption_title_size=”” caption_title_line_height=”” caption_title_letter_spacing=”” caption_title_transform=”” caption_title_color=”” caption_background_color=”” fusion_font_family_caption_text_font=”” fusion_font_variant_caption_text_font=”” caption_text_size=”” caption_text_line_height=”” caption_text_letter_spacing=”” caption_text_transform=”” caption_text_color=”” caption_border_color=”” caption_overlay_color=”” caption_margin_top=”” caption_margin_right=”” caption_margin_bottom=”” caption_margin_left=”” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_color=”” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_delay=”0″ animation_offset=”” filter_hue=”0″ filter_saturation=”100″ filter_brightness=”100″ filter_contrast=”100″ filter_invert=”0″ filter_sepia=”0″ filter_opacity=”100″ filter_blur=”0″ filter_hue_hover=”0″ filter_saturation_hover=”100″ filter_brightness_hover=”100″ filter_contrast_hover=”100″ filter_invert_hover=”0″ filter_sepia_hover=”0″ filter_opacity_hover=”100″ filter_blur_hover=”0″]https://new.daviddomoney.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Sowing-seeds-indoors-cardboard-seed-tray.jpg[/fusion_imageframe][fusion_separator style_type=”default” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” flex_grow=”0″ top_margin=”” bottom_margin=”” width=”” height=”20″ alignment=”center” border_size=”” weight=”” amount=”” sep_color=”” hue=”” saturation=”” lightness=”” alpha=”” icon=”” icon_size=”” icon_color=”” icon_circle=”” icon_circle_color=”” /][fusion_text columns=”” column_min_width=”” column_spacing=”” rule_style=”” rule_size=”” rule_color=”” hue=”” saturation=”” lightness=”” alpha=”” content_alignment_medium=”” content_alignment_small=”” content_alignment=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” margin_top=”” margin_right=”” margin_bottom=”” margin_left=”” fusion_font_family_text_font=”” fusion_font_variant_text_font=”” font_size=”” line_height=”” letter_spacing=”” text_transform=”” text_color=”” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_color=”” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_delay=”0″ animation_offset=”” logics=””]

    Ready to sow? Not quite.

    Next up you need to add a layer of compost into the container. A seed tray tends to be easier for this bit. Firm the compost in the container, and sprinkle with water. You want your compost to be moist, so waiting a day before you plant your seeds will help.

    Now everything is ready, sow your seeds thinly and then cover with another layer of compost. Try not to use too much as thin layer is all you need. And if your seeds are very small then you don’t need to apply the extra layer.

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    Which Method Man?

    You now have two choices. You can:

    • Use the under-glass method or.
    • Windowsill method

    The under-glass method will require you to have a sheet of glass available. Which you may or may not have, if you do, then layer the pane over the top of your container and then place a dark sheet of paper over the top. Your aim to create a temperature that is between 15.5 to 21.1 degrees Celsius (60-70 Fahrenheit) for the seeds. Each day, you’ll need to turn the glass over and wipe off the condensation before you put the paper on top.

    Once the seeds have germinated and seedlings are appearing, then you want to increase the amount of light the plants get. So firstly, remove the paper, and prop the glass up, don’t remove it completely yet though. Give a couple days and then you can remove the glass and move your container into a position where the seedlings can get more light. Use a spray bottle to keep the soil moist.

    [/fusion_text][fusion_separator style_type=”default” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” flex_grow=”0″ top_margin=”” bottom_margin=”” width=”” height=”20″ alignment=”center” border_size=”” weight=”” amount=”” sep_color=”” hue=”” saturation=”” lightness=”” alpha=”” icon=”” icon_size=”” icon_color=”” icon_circle=”” icon_circle_color=”” /][fusion_text columns=”” column_min_width=”” column_spacing=”” rule_style=”” rule_size=”” rule_color=”” hue=”” saturation=”” lightness=”” alpha=”” content_alignment_medium=”” content_alignment_small=”” content_alignment=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” margin_top=”” margin_right=”” margin_bottom=”” margin_left=”” fusion_font_family_text_font=”” fusion_font_variant_text_font=”” font_size=”” line_height=”” letter_spacing=”” text_transform=”” text_color=”” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_color=”” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_delay=”0″ animation_offset=”” logics=””]

    The windowsill method is easily, particularly if you are using a pot. Place a clear plastic bag or half of a plastic bottle over the container and secure with an elastic band. Pop the container in a place that is in shade but is still warm. You want to match the temperatures in the under-glass method.

    As the seedlings start to appear, you can remove the bag and place the container on windowsill that doesn’t get too much direct sunlight. To ensure that you have balanced growth, turn the pot every day and keep the compost inside moist.

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    Potting on

    Once you can start to see leaves appearing you can prick out the weaker seedlings. Then fill a container or tray with potting compost. Gently lift your seedlings by the leaves, and plant them at 3cm intervals.

    After you have done this, then keep the seedlings in a shady spot for a few days, to help them adjust to their new home.

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    Harden off

    After a couple of days, the seedlings should have adjusted nicely to their new home. Now is the time in which they need to harden off. This process allows the seedlings to adjust themselves to cooler temperatures whilst still in an environment you can control easily.

    If you have a cold frame, then place the seedlings in this. During the day lift the seedlings outside and then in the evening bring them indoors or back into the cold frame. After a week or so your seedlings will be ready to be planted out.

    [/fusion_text][fusion_separator style_type=”default” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” flex_grow=”0″ top_margin=”” bottom_margin=”” width=”” height=”20″ alignment=”center” border_size=”” weight=”” amount=”” sep_color=”” hue=”” saturation=”” lightness=”” alpha=”” icon=”” icon_size=”” icon_color=”” icon_circle=”” icon_circle_color=”” /][/fusion_builder_column_inner][/fusion_builder_row_inner][fusion_separator style_type=”default” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” flex_grow=”0″ top_margin=”” bottom_margin=”” width=”” height=”20″ alignment=”center” border_size=”” weight=”” amount=”” sep_color=”” hue=”” saturation=”” lightness=”” alpha=”” icon=”” icon_size=”” icon_color=”” icon_circle=”” icon_circle_color=”” /][fusion_text columns=”” column_min_width=”” column_spacing=”” rule_style=”” rule_size=”” rule_color=”” hue=”” saturation=”” lightness=”” alpha=”” content_alignment_medium=”” content_alignment_small=”” content_alignment=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” margin_top=”” margin_right=”” margin_bottom=”” margin_left=”” fusion_font_family_text_font=”” fusion_font_variant_text_font=”” font_size=”” line_height=”” letter_spacing=”” text_transform=”” text_color=”” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_color=”” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_delay=”0″ animation_offset=”” logics=””]

    Now you too can take joy in the thrilling activity of sowing seeds yourself. Whether you do it indoors or outdoors, sowing your seeds is easy and fun, and by following these steps you can do it expertly. 

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    For more garden planting ideas, check out my blog:

    [/fusion_text][/fusion_builder_column][fusion_builder_column type=”1_2″ layout=”1_2″ spacing=”” center_content=”no” hover_type=”none” link=”” min_height=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” class=”” id=”” background_color=”” background_image=”” background_position=”left top” background_repeat=”no-repeat” border_color=”” border_style=”solid” border_position=”all” padding_top=”” padding_right=”” padding_bottom=”” padding_left=”” margin_top=”” margin_bottom=”” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_offset=”” last=”true” border_sizes_top=”0″ border_sizes_bottom=”0″ border_sizes_left=”0″ border_sizes_right=”0″ first=”false”][fusion_text]

    Or check out my Pinterest board for more ideas:

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  • How to improve the drainage of your clay soil

    How to improve the drainage of your clay soil

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    Improving the drainage within your garden makes a huge difference to the overall performance of your plants. It also ensures that during heavy rain, the water will run away from your property and won’t gather in as easily in puddles either. One particular type of soil needs our help more than the others in these circumstances and that is clay.

    What is clay soil?

    Clay soil also known as ‘Heavy Soils’ is earth that contains a greater amount of fine clay particles. Fine clay particles are tiny, microscopic pieces of rock and minerals that occur through physical weathering. The inclusion of the particles means that clay soils will swell when wet and shrink when dry. This action means that the soil cultivates itself.

    It has the potential to be very fertile, but it is harder to work with, particularly when it is wet, as it becomes very heavy. You’ll also find or know if you have clay soil, that the earth is cooler due to the moisture retention of clay, this means it takes longer for the ground to warm up in spring. This delay often means your crops or plants won’t appear until later in the season.

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    How do I know if I have clay soil?

    The soil in your garden will be dense and feel a little sticky. In fact, you’ll be able to a lump of clay soil into a ball just be rolling the clump in your hands and then again into a sausage. If the roll does not crack, then you have ‘heavy clay’.

    Other telltale signs that you have clay include:

    • The ground is difficult to work.
    • It will drain slowly after rain.
    • The water retention in the soil is very good.
    • How can I improve clay soil?

    There are several methods in horticulture that have been shown to improve clay soil. These include:

    • Use raised beds, so you don’t walk on the surface and trample the soil structure causing compaction.
    • Use a no-dig approach.
    • Dig in sharp sand – avoid other types.
    • Dig in organic matter, like manure or composted bark.
    • The application of mulches to retain moisture in warmer weather and prevent soil cracking.

    I’m going to focus on one method today and that is whether you should add Lime to the soil or Gypsum. I’m mentioning both Lime and Gypsum as you apply Lime to soils that are acidic, and Gypsum to soils that are alkaline.

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    This is really complicated – how will I know whether I have acid or alkaline soil?

    Speak to your local garden centre and ask for a pH testing kit. Once you have done the test, you’ll know what type of soil you have. The kits are simple pieces of testing paper that you dip into muddy water from your garden, or devices that you pop into the ground, and they give you a reading.

    Just like using a thermometer to test whether your roast chicken has been cooked through.

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    What are the benefits of using Lime or Gypsum?

    Firstly, they improve the structure of the soil. The addition of calcium will bind the clay particles into soil crumbs. It’s a plant food. Plants need calcium like humans, they just benefit from a moderate amount. The addition of Lime or Gypsum will unlock nutrients that are trapped within the soil that will help the plant thrive. Lime in the soil can reduce the number of pests in the soil. You’re less likely to see slugs, wireworms, and club root. As very few plants like to grow in acidic soil, Lime can help neutralize its impact, making the soil more habitable for bacteria, and earthworms.

    What’s the difference between Lime and Gypsum?

    Let’s look at Lime first.

    Lime (either calcium hydroxide or calcium carbonate) reduces the acidity of the soil by neutralizing the acid reactions in the soil. There are also different types of Lime that react with the soil at different speeds and have different Neutralising Values or NV. The number that is expressed alongside the Lime is a percentage of the pure calcium oxide.

    • Chalk and Ground Limestone are slow acting and have an NV of 50-55.
    • Ground Magnesian Limestone also known as Dolomite Limestone has an NV of 56.
    • Calcified Seaweed is a long-lasting Lime and has an NV of 44.
    • And Hydrated Lime is the strongest and works the fastest with an NV of 70.

    If you need to use Hydrated Lime, always use gloves, and wear safety goggles, as this product is an irritant to the skin.

    How much Lime do I need to use?

    Before you start make sure you know:

    • Your soil pH level.
    • Your garden square meterage.

    This is important as you need to know the amount you need to use and whether you need to dig into the soil or whether you can sprinkle on the surface.

    The general rule is less than 0.5kg per square metre you can dig in, but if it’s too difficult then sprinkling on the surface is fine. If it is greater than 0.5kg per square metre, then dig half of the Lime into the soil and the rest onto the surface.

    Always read the packaging carefully before you buy or apply.

    [/fusion_text][fusion_text columns=”” column_min_width=”” column_spacing=”” rule_style=”” rule_size=”” rule_color=”” hue=”” saturation=”” lightness=”” alpha=”” content_alignment_medium=”” content_alignment_small=”” content_alignment=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” margin_top=”” margin_right=”” margin_bottom=”” margin_left=”” fusion_font_family_text_font=”” fusion_font_variant_text_font=”” font_size=”” line_height=”” letter_spacing=”” text_transform=”” text_color=”” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_color=”” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_delay=”0″ animation_offset=”” logics=””]

    What about Gypsum?

    Gypsum (calcium sulphate) will add calcium to the soil without neutralising the soil acidity. So, this is ideal if you are looking to grow acid-loving plants like camellias, heathers, rhododendrons, or blueberries, in your clay soil.

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    How much Gypsum do I need to use?

    Before you start make sure you know:

    • Your soil pH level
    • Your garden square meterage

    Always read the packaging carefully before you buy or apply.

    You need to break the surface of the soil so that the gypsum can be absorbed. Follow the instructions on the packet, so for example, apply 2kg of gypsum per square metre and then mix it in. If the soil is very dry, you’ll need to water the gypsum into the soil for it to be absorbed.

    For a range of plants that will thrive check out my blog on the best plants for clay soil.

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    For more garden planting ideas, check out my blog:

    [/fusion_text][/fusion_builder_column][fusion_builder_column type=”1_2″ layout=”1_2″ spacing=”” center_content=”no” hover_type=”none” link=”” min_height=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” class=”” id=”” background_color=”” background_image=”” background_position=”left top” background_repeat=”no-repeat” border_color=”” border_style=”solid” border_position=”all” padding_top=”” padding_right=”” padding_bottom=”” padding_left=”” margin_top=”” margin_bottom=”” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_offset=”” last=”true” border_sizes_top=”0″ border_sizes_bottom=”0″ border_sizes_left=”0″ border_sizes_right=”0″ first=”false”][fusion_text]

    Or check out my Pinterest board for more ideas:

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