David Domoney

Tag: soil

  • Why do leaves change colour in autumn/fall?

    Why do leaves change colour in autumn/fall?

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    Autumn or fall is one my favourite times of year in the garden. As the leaves transform and give the garden one last beautiful display of colour.

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    Is it Autumn or Fall?

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    Well, up until the 18th Century Brits us used the term fall. But we switched to autumn a variation of the French word ‘automne’ instead. Although there’s no definitive reason why we changed it, you could surmise that it was changed for the sophisticated sound.

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    Seasonal Shades

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    We’re all familiar with the magical sight of red, golden, and brown leaves twirling down in the autumn months. I love watching the colours change each day through to winter, once all the leaves have fallen to the ground.

    Many people don’t know exactly what causes the change in colour in the leaves, so I’m going to explain here.

    Chlorophyll is green in colour, mainly because it helps trees absorb the blue and red wavelengths of light. It is also the dominant colour within most tree species’ leaves.

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    Chlorophyll helps the tree to absorb the energy from sunlight, through the process known as photosynthesis.

    This translates to mean ‘put together with the help of light’.

    So, during the times of year when we have the most daylight, the tree is essentially charging itself.

    Chlorophyll transforms carbon dioxide and water into food that sustains the tree, essentially creating glucose.

    This is a sugar which gives plants energy to carry out necessary processes for growth.

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    What is the science?

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    A Nobel Prize-winning study in 1930 for Chemistry proved that chlorophyll is quite like our haemoglobin cells. Both are heavily pigmented and can be broken down into ring-like structures with similar chemicals.

    The main difference, aside from the colour, is that haemoglobin centres around iron molecules, whilst chlorophyll centres around magnesium.

    As we enter the autumn when there is less daylight, leaves get less sunlight. This will cause the chlorophyll to break down and as it does, the other colours that are always present within the leaves are revealed. This is what gives us oranges (carotenoids) and yellows (xanthophylls).

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    Carotenoids, as the name implies, are found heavily in familiar vegetables such as carrots. This chemical has a secondary role in photosynthesis. It helps the plant absorb further light in the blue-green range and transfer that energy to the chlorophylls.

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    Now you will also see that some trees have another colour within the leaves which is red, caused by anthocyanins.

    Anthocyanins are red or purple pigments and are a by-product of photosynthesis. A study in the Journal of Experimental Botany in 2000 considered that anthocyanin may exist to protect chlorophyll cells in plants which have adapted to shade from sudden exposure to sunlight.

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    What about trees with red leaves?

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    But what about trees with red leaves, like the Japanese Maple? They do contain chlorophyll otherwise they wouldn’t survive, as they wouldn’t be able to absorb the full range of sunlight.

    It’s just that the dominant colour within the leaf is red, from the anthocyanin, rather than green from chlorophyll.

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    Natural recycling

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    As the colourful displays come to an end, the leaves will die, and trees shed them. Through the shedding of leaves, the trees are making room for new growth and increasing their chances of survival. This reduces the amount of energy the tree needs to use in the autumn. Keeping the leaves alive would put a strain on the tree during the cold months.

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    Those shed leaves aren’t wasted and are part of the trees’ role in enhancing the ecosystem. On the ground, some leaves will have a small amount of carbohydrates and sugars, enjoyed by fungi, bacteria, and insects.

    You can also make good use of them in your garden, by making a leaf mould. Collect them into a hessian or compost bag, add a drop of water, and then tie the bag up.

    Punch some holes in to allow movement of air, and then leave them outside for 18 months to 2 years. If you do this every year, you should have some lovely leaf mould to use each winter. Then, use this as a mulch to support flower beds, or add it to the soil as a conditioner.

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    What about evergreen plants?

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    You might now be wondering why evergreen trees don’t go through the same colour-changing process and lose their leaves. These trees have specially adapted to growing in colder environments, and their leaves are designed to conserve more water. This means they don’t need to drop their leaves, or needles in many cases.

    Additionally, trees from warmer climates have more consistent sunlight throughout the year. Plus, warmer temperatures, mean they don’t gain anything by shedding their leaves in the autumn and winter months.

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filter_invert_hover=”0″ filter_sepia_hover=”0″ filter_opacity_hover=”100″ filter_blur_hover=”0″]https://new.daviddomoney.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/6-evergreen-chusan-palm-tree.jpg[/fusion_imageframe][/fusion_builder_column_inner][/fusion_builder_row_inner][fusion_separator style_type=”default” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” class=”” id=”” sep_color=”” top_margin=”10″ bottom_margin=”10″ border_size=”0″ icon=”” icon_circle=”” icon_circle_color=”” width=”” alignment=”center” /][fusion_text columns=”” column_min_width=”” column_spacing=”” rule_style=”” rule_size=”” rule_color=”” hue=”” saturation=”” lightness=”” alpha=”” content_alignment_medium=”” content_alignment_small=”” content_alignment=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” margin_top=”” margin_right=”” margin_bottom=”” margin_left=”” fusion_font_family_text_font=”” fusion_font_variant_text_font=”” font_size=”” 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    The wonderful, warm and recognisable colours of autumn or fall are the reason it is many people’s favourite season.

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    Find out how to use waste plastic in your garden:

    [/fusion_text][fusion_builder_row_inner][fusion_builder_column_inner type=”1_1″ layout=”2_3″ spacing=”” center_content=”no” hover_type=”none” link=”” min_height=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” class=”” id=”” background_color=”” background_image=”” background_position=”left top” background_repeat=”no-repeat” border_color=”” border_style=”solid” padding_top=”” padding_right=”” padding_bottom=”” padding_left=”” dimension_margin=”” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_offset=”” last=”true” border_position=”all” border_sizes_top=”0″ border_sizes_bottom=”0″ border_sizes_left=”0″ border_sizes_right=”0″ first=”true” spacing_right=””][fusion_imageframe image_id=”62567|large” aspect_ratio=”” custom_aspect_ratio=”100″ aspect_ratio_position=”” skip_lazy_load=”” lightbox=”no” gallery_id=”” lightbox_image=”” lightbox_image_id=”” alt=”” link=”https://new.daviddomoney.com/how-to-recycle-plastic-in-your-garden/” 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fusion_font_variant_caption_title_font=”” caption_title_size=”” caption_title_line_height=”” caption_title_letter_spacing=”” caption_title_transform=”” caption_title_color=”” caption_background_color=”” fusion_font_family_caption_text_font=”” fusion_font_variant_caption_text_font=”” caption_text_size=”” caption_text_line_height=”” caption_text_letter_spacing=”” caption_text_transform=”” caption_text_color=”” caption_border_color=”” caption_overlay_color=”” caption_margin_top=”” caption_margin_right=”” caption_margin_bottom=”” caption_margin_left=”” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_color=”” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_delay=”0″ animation_offset=”” filter_hue=”0″ filter_saturation=”100″ filter_brightness=”100″ filter_contrast=”100″ filter_invert=”0″ filter_sepia=”0″ filter_opacity=”100″ filter_blur=”0″ filter_hue_hover=”0″ filter_saturation_hover=”100″ filter_brightness_hover=”100″ filter_contrast_hover=”100″ filter_invert_hover=”0″ filter_sepia_hover=”0″ 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animation_direction=”left” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_offset=””]

    Or check out my Pinterest board for more ideas:

    [/fusion_text][fusion_builder_row_inner][fusion_builder_column_inner type=”1_1″ layout=”2_3″ spacing=”” center_content=”no” hover_type=”none” link=”” min_height=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” class=”” id=”” background_color=”” background_image=”” background_position=”left top” background_repeat=”no-repeat” border_color=”” border_style=”solid” padding_top=”” padding_right=”” padding_bottom=”” padding_left=”” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_offset=”” last=”true” border_position=”all” border_sizes_top=”0″ border_sizes_bottom=”0″ border_sizes_left=”0″ border_sizes_right=”0″ first=”true” spacing_right=””][fusion_imageframe image_id=”46490|full” aspect_ratio=”” custom_aspect_ratio=”100″ aspect_ratio_position=”” sticky_max_width=”” skip_lazy_load=”” lightbox=”no” gallery_id=”” lightbox_image=”” lightbox_image_id=”” alt=”Pinterest” link=”https://www.pinterest.co.uk/daviddomoney/winter-garden/” linktarget=”_self” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” max_width=”” align_medium=”none” align_small=”none” align=”center” mask=”” custom_mask=”” mask_size=”” mask_custom_size=”” mask_position=”” mask_custom_position=”” mask_repeat=”” style_type=”none” blur=”” stylecolor=”” hue=”” saturation=”” lightness=”” alpha=”” hover_type=”none” margin_top_medium=”” margin_right_medium=”” margin_bottom_medium=”” margin_left_medium=”” margin_top_small=”” margin_right_small=”” margin_bottom_small=”” margin_left_small=”” margin_top=”” margin_right=”” margin_bottom=”” margin_left=”” bordersize=”” bordercolor=”” borderradius=”” caption_style=”off” caption_align_medium=”none” caption_align_small=”none” caption_align=”none” caption_title_medium=”” caption_title_small=”” caption_title=”” caption_text=”” caption_title_color=”” caption_title_tag=”2″ fusion_font_family_caption_title_font=”” fusion_font_variant_caption_title_font=”” caption_title_size=”” caption_title_transform=”” caption_text_color=”” caption_background_color=”” fusion_font_family_caption_text_font=”” fusion_font_variant_caption_text_font=”” caption_text_size=”” caption_text_transform=”” caption_border_color=”” caption_overlay_color=”” caption_margin_top=”” caption_margin_right=”” caption_margin_bottom=”” caption_margin_left=”” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_offset=”” filter_hue=”0″ filter_saturation=”100″ filter_brightness=”100″ filter_contrast=”100″ filter_invert=”0″ filter_sepia=”0″ filter_opacity=”100″ filter_blur=”0″ filter_hue_hover=”0″ filter_saturation_hover=”100″ filter_brightness_hover=”100″ filter_contrast_hover=”100″ filter_invert_hover=”0″ filter_sepia_hover=”0″ filter_opacity_hover=”100″ filter_blur_hover=”0″]https://new.daviddomoney.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/Spring-board-pinterest.jpg[/fusion_imageframe][/fusion_builder_column_inner][/fusion_builder_row_inner][/fusion_builder_column][/fusion_builder_row][/fusion_builder_container]

  • How to use waste for the garden

    How to use waste for the garden

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    Gardening gives a great platform for reducing waste. Find out some simple ways to reduce waste to benefit health and enhance efforts towards recycling, reusing and being green.

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    Food glorious food

    [/fusion_title][fusion_builder_row_inner][fusion_builder_column_inner type=”1_1″ layout=”1_2″ spacing=”” center_content=”no” hover_type=”none” link=”” min_height=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” class=”” id=”” background_color=”” background_image=”” background_position=”left top” background_repeat=”no-repeat” border_color=”” border_style=”solid” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_offset=”” last=”true” border_position=”all” border_sizes_top=”0″ border_sizes_bottom=”0″ border_sizes_left=”0″ border_sizes_right=”0″ first=”true” spacing_right=””][fusion_text columns=”” column_min_width=”” column_spacing=”” rule_style=”” rule_size=”” rule_color=”” hue=”” saturation=”” lightness=”” alpha=”” content_alignment_medium=”” content_alignment_small=”” content_alignment=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” margin_top=”” margin_right=”” margin_bottom=”” margin_left=”” fusion_font_family_text_font=”” fusion_font_variant_text_font=”” font_size=”” line_height=”” letter_spacing=”” text_transform=”” text_color=”” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_color=”” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_delay=”0″ animation_offset=”” logics=””]

    One of the best parts about gardening is that it facilitates the full circle of life. Food crops grown in the ground can be harvested and their waste returned to the earth. This invigorates the soil, as it provides nutrients for new food crops. The additional bonus is that the amount of household waste going into a wheelie bin reduces in quantity too.

    Consider investing in a compost heap. This will do wonders for your gardening experience. There’s so much satisfaction in creating your own soil. Furthermore, research by the University of Washington suggests that composting is better for the environment than waste left to rot in landfills. These release higher levels of methane, damaging the environment.

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    There’s also the fulfilment of knowing that, through composting, you end up with healthy soil.

    Which will be really beneficial for crops. Research suggests that fertile soil produces healthier plants for sturdier nourishment.

    Ecologists working with countries who have limited access to fresh food call this ‘biofortification’.

    This is using agronomic practices, such as improving soil quality, to boost the nutrient density of food crops to avert malnutrition.

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    Compost Capabilities

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    Start capturing food waste by positioning a container near to the kitchen. Then, get into the habit of adding veg peelings that usually end up in general refuse. Eventually, it will fill up and you can transition to your composter.

    I use a clean bucket with a bin liner. When it’s full, I use the bucket handle to carry it to the compost bin. With a large variety of composting methods available, you’re sure to find one to suit. There are small bins, tumblers, or hot composters that add heat to speed to process—even wormeries are effective.

    Just remember to position new composters away from the house and keep them covered. This will help reduce odours, pests, and the risk of inhaling the fungi and bacteria involved in the decaying process. This is particularly significant in intimate garden spaces. It’s also worth keeping in mind that the bigger the composter, the faster it breaks down material. Wherever possible, go for a larger heap to keep the heat.

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    The key to quality compost is to get the recipe right; equilibrium is everything. You need both ‘green’ and ‘brown’ material present to encourage both nitrogen and carbon production. Both are required for fertile soil. Aim for 25-50% of quick-rotting green material, like clippings or veg peelings, and 50-75% slow-rotting brown material, like woody growth or cardboard. Then, you will strike the right balance.

    Use your eyes to guide your additions from there. If it’s looking dry, incorporate some moisture-rich green waste and, if wet, brown material will soak up excess moisture. Aeration is vital for healthy compost. Keep the air flowing through regular turning to help the microorganisms thrive. These will break down the decaying matter into a finer soil structure, which improves drainage too.

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    Waver water waste

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    If composting has given you a taste for reducing waste, consider the other natural resources that you can utilise. Rainwater can be collected to benefit your plants because it isn’t chemically treated with chlorine like household water supplies. Rainwater is also brilliant for keeping the pH of your soil balanced. Tap water may contain lime which reduces the acidity of soil—particularly an issue for ericaceous plants, like blueberries.

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filter_blur_hover=”0″]https://new.daviddomoney.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/3-watered-blueberries.jpg[/fusion_imageframe][/fusion_builder_column_inner][fusion_builder_column_inner type=”3_5″ layout=”1_2″ align_self=”auto” content_layout=”column” align_content=”flex-start” valign_content=”flex-start” content_wrap=”wrap” spacing=”” center_content=”no” column_tag=”div” link=”” target=”_self” link_description=”” min_height=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” type_medium=”” type_small=”” order_medium=”0″ order_small=”0″ dimension_spacing_medium=”” dimension_spacing_small=”” dimension_spacing=”” dimension_margin_medium=”” dimension_margin_small=”” dimension_margin=”” padding_medium=”” padding_small=”” padding_top=”” padding_right=”” padding_bottom=”” padding_left=”” hover_type=”none” border_sizes=”” border_color=”” border_style=”solid” border_radius=”” box_shadow=”no” dimension_box_shadow=”” 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    You can make the most of this free supply by installing a water butt. One water butt will fill a watering can about 25 times, enough water for a medium-sized container throughout the summer.

    Perhaps trial the volume of water you require by installing one butt first. Water optimisation will then go one step further by making the most of the water you apply.

    For example, having healthy soil and working in mulch are quick ways to lock in moisture and reduce evaporation.

    There’s no better way to limit waste than to make the most of what you’ve already got.

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    Greener gardens

    [/fusion_title][fusion_builder_row_inner][fusion_builder_column_inner type=”1_1″ layout=”1_2″ spacing=”” center_content=”no” hover_type=”none” link=”” min_height=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” class=”” id=”” background_color=”” background_image=”” background_position=”left top” background_repeat=”no-repeat” border_color=”” border_style=”solid” padding_top=”” padding_right=”” padding_bottom=”” padding_left=”” dimension_margin=”” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_offset=”” last=”true” border_position=”all” border_sizes_top=”0″ border_sizes_bottom=”0″ border_sizes_left=”0″ border_sizes_right=”0″ first=”true”][fusion_text columns=”” column_min_width=”” column_spacing=”” rule_style=”” rule_size=”” rule_color=”” hue=”” saturation=”” lightness=”” alpha=”” content_alignment_medium=”” content_alignment_small=”” content_alignment=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” margin_top=”” margin_right=”” margin_bottom=”” margin_left=”” fusion_font_family_text_font=”” fusion_font_variant_text_font=”” font_size=”” line_height=”” letter_spacing=”” text_transform=”” text_color=”” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_color=”” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_delay=”0″ animation_offset=”” logics=””]

    Creating your own crumbly compost is an effective way to lessen synthetic approaches to crop cultivation. As compost is soil that is naturally rich and fertile, it puts up a better defence against diseases and weeds. Of course, catching and storing rainwater is valuable to the environment too.

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    Channel the water that falls onto the roof of your shed or greenhouse during the wet season.

    This can then be stored. Such efforts will have a knock-on effect in the dry season when rainfall is scarce.

    Water reserves don’t have to be drained by water companies to deliver the higher demands. And this, in turn, has benefits to energy saving.

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    All gardening efforts have a ripple effect on the wider ecosystem and, if you’re growing crops, your health too. Take the opportunity to try some of these methods towards tightening the reins on waste. You’ll find your garden becomes more sustainable, bountiful and bursting with benefits.

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    Find out how to use waste plastic in your garden:

    [/fusion_text][fusion_builder_row_inner][fusion_builder_column_inner type=”1_1″ layout=”2_3″ spacing=”” center_content=”no” hover_type=”none” link=”” min_height=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” class=”” id=”” background_color=”” background_image=”” background_position=”left top” background_repeat=”no-repeat” border_color=”” border_style=”solid” padding_top=”” padding_right=”” padding_bottom=”” padding_left=”” dimension_margin=”” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_offset=”” last=”true” border_position=”all” border_sizes_top=”0″ border_sizes_bottom=”0″ border_sizes_left=”0″ border_sizes_right=”0″ first=”true” spacing_right=””][fusion_imageframe image_id=”62567|large” aspect_ratio=”” custom_aspect_ratio=”100″ aspect_ratio_position=”” skip_lazy_load=”” lightbox=”no” gallery_id=”” lightbox_image=”” lightbox_image_id=”” alt=”” link=”https://new.daviddomoney.com/how-to-recycle-plastic-in-your-garden/” linktarget=”_self” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” max_width=”” sticky_max_width=”” align_medium=”none” align_small=”none” align=”none” mask=”” custom_mask=”” mask_size=”” mask_custom_size=”” mask_position=”” mask_custom_position=”” mask_repeat=”” style_type=”” blur=”” stylecolor=”” hue=”” saturation=”” lightness=”” alpha=”” hover_type=”none” magnify_full_img=”” magnify_duration=”120″ scroll_height=”100″ scroll_speed=”1″ margin_top_medium=”” margin_right_medium=”” margin_bottom_medium=”” margin_left_medium=”” margin_top_small=”” margin_right_small=”” margin_bottom_small=”” margin_left_small=”” margin_top=”” margin_right=”” margin_bottom=”” margin_left=”” bordersize=”” bordercolor=”” borderradius=”” z_index=”” caption_style=”off” caption_align_medium=”none” caption_align_small=”none” caption_align=”none” caption_title=”” caption_text=”” caption_title_tag=”2″ fusion_font_family_caption_title_font=”” fusion_font_variant_caption_title_font=”” caption_title_size=”” caption_title_line_height=”” caption_title_letter_spacing=”” caption_title_transform=”” caption_title_color=”” caption_background_color=”” fusion_font_family_caption_text_font=”” fusion_font_variant_caption_text_font=”” caption_text_size=”” caption_text_line_height=”” caption_text_letter_spacing=”” caption_text_transform=”” caption_text_color=”” caption_border_color=”” caption_overlay_color=”” caption_margin_top=”” caption_margin_right=”” caption_margin_bottom=”” caption_margin_left=”” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_color=”” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_delay=”0″ animation_offset=”” filter_hue=”0″ filter_saturation=”100″ filter_brightness=”100″ filter_contrast=”100″ filter_invert=”0″ filter_sepia=”0″ filter_opacity=”100″ filter_blur=”0″ filter_hue_hover=”0″ filter_saturation_hover=”100″ filter_brightness_hover=”100″ filter_contrast_hover=”100″ filter_invert_hover=”0″ filter_sepia_hover=”0″ filter_opacity_hover=”100″ filter_blur_hover=”0″]https://new.daviddomoney.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/Recycled-Plastic-Feature-500×750.jpg[/fusion_imageframe][/fusion_builder_column_inner][/fusion_builder_row_inner][/fusion_builder_column][fusion_builder_column type=”1_6″ layout=”1_6″ align_self=”auto” content_layout=”column” align_content=”flex-start” valign_content=”flex-start” content_wrap=”wrap” spacing=”” center_content=”no” column_tag=”div” link=”” target=”_self” link_description=”” min_height=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” type_medium=”” type_small=”” order_medium=”0″ order_small=”0″ dimension_spacing_medium=”” dimension_spacing_small=”” dimension_spacing=”” dimension_margin_medium=”” dimension_margin_small=”” margin_top=”” margin_bottom=”” padding_medium=”” padding_small=”” padding_top=”” padding_right=”” padding_bottom=”” padding_left=”” hover_type=”none” border_sizes=”” border_color=”” border_style=”solid” border_radius=”” box_shadow=”no” dimension_box_shadow=”” box_shadow_blur=”0″ box_shadow_spread=”0″ box_shadow_color=”” box_shadow_style=”” z_index_subgroup=”regular” z_index=”” z_index_hover=”” overflow=”” background_type=”single” gradient_start_color=”” gradient_end_color=”” gradient_start_position=”0″ gradient_end_position=”100″ gradient_type=”linear” radial_direction=”center center” linear_angle=”180″ background_color=”” background_image=”” background_image_id=”” lazy_load=”none” skip_lazy_load=”” background_position=”left top” background_repeat=”no-repeat” background_blend_mode=”none” render_logics=”” sticky=”off” sticky_devices=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_offset=”” filter_type=”regular” filter_hue=”0″ filter_saturation=”100″ filter_brightness=”100″ filter_contrast=”100″ filter_invert=”0″ filter_sepia=”0″ filter_opacity=”100″ filter_blur=”0″ filter_hue_hover=”0″ filter_saturation_hover=”100″ filter_brightness_hover=”100″ filter_contrast_hover=”100″ filter_invert_hover=”0″ filter_sepia_hover=”0″ filter_opacity_hover=”100″ filter_blur_hover=”0″ transform_type=”regular” transform_scale_x=”1″ transform_scale_y=”1″ transform_translate_x=”0″ transform_translate_y=”0″ transform_rotate=”0″ transform_skew_x=”0″ transform_skew_y=”0″ transform_scale_x_hover=”1″ transform_scale_y_hover=”1″ transform_translate_x_hover=”0″ transform_translate_y_hover=”0″ transform_rotate_hover=”0″ transform_skew_x_hover=”0″ transform_skew_y_hover=”0″ transform_origin=”” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_offset=”” last=”true” border_position=”all” first=”false” spacing_right=””][/fusion_builder_column][fusion_builder_column type=”5_6″ layout=”1_2″ spacing=”” center_content=”no” hover_type=”none” link=”” min_height=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” class=”” id=”” background_color=”” background_image=”” background_position=”left top” 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animation_direction=”left” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_offset=””]

    Or check out my Pinterest board for more ideas:

    [/fusion_text][fusion_builder_row_inner][fusion_builder_column_inner type=”1_1″ layout=”2_3″ spacing=”” center_content=”no” hover_type=”none” link=”” min_height=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” class=”” id=”” background_color=”” background_image=”” background_position=”left top” background_repeat=”no-repeat” border_color=”” border_style=”solid” padding_top=”” padding_right=”” padding_bottom=”” padding_left=”” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_offset=”” last=”true” border_position=”all” border_sizes_top=”0″ border_sizes_bottom=”0″ border_sizes_left=”0″ border_sizes_right=”0″ first=”true” spacing_right=””][fusion_imageframe image_id=”46490|full” aspect_ratio=”” custom_aspect_ratio=”100″ aspect_ratio_position=”” sticky_max_width=”” skip_lazy_load=”” lightbox=”no” gallery_id=”” lightbox_image=”” lightbox_image_id=”” alt=”Pinterest” link=”https://www.pinterest.co.uk/daviddomoney/winter-garden/” linktarget=”_self” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” max_width=”” align_medium=”none” align_small=”none” align=”center” mask=”” custom_mask=”” mask_size=”” mask_custom_size=”” mask_position=”” mask_custom_position=”” mask_repeat=”” style_type=”none” blur=”” stylecolor=”” hue=”” saturation=”” lightness=”” alpha=”” hover_type=”none” margin_top_medium=”” margin_right_medium=”” margin_bottom_medium=”” margin_left_medium=”” margin_top_small=”” margin_right_small=”” margin_bottom_small=”” margin_left_small=”” margin_top=”” margin_right=”” margin_bottom=”” margin_left=”” bordersize=”” bordercolor=”” borderradius=”” caption_style=”off” caption_align_medium=”none” caption_align_small=”none” caption_align=”none” caption_title_medium=”” caption_title_small=”” caption_title=”” caption_text=”” caption_title_color=”” caption_title_tag=”2″ fusion_font_family_caption_title_font=”” fusion_font_variant_caption_title_font=”” caption_title_size=”” caption_title_transform=”” caption_text_color=”” caption_background_color=”” fusion_font_family_caption_text_font=”” fusion_font_variant_caption_text_font=”” caption_text_size=”” caption_text_transform=”” caption_border_color=”” caption_overlay_color=”” caption_margin_top=”” caption_margin_right=”” caption_margin_bottom=”” caption_margin_left=”” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_offset=”” filter_hue=”0″ filter_saturation=”100″ filter_brightness=”100″ filter_contrast=”100″ filter_invert=”0″ filter_sepia=”0″ filter_opacity=”100″ filter_blur=”0″ filter_hue_hover=”0″ filter_saturation_hover=”100″ filter_brightness_hover=”100″ filter_contrast_hover=”100″ filter_invert_hover=”0″ filter_sepia_hover=”0″ filter_opacity_hover=”100″ filter_blur_hover=”0″]https://new.daviddomoney.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/Spring-board-pinterest.jpg[/fusion_imageframe][/fusion_builder_column_inner][/fusion_builder_row_inner][/fusion_builder_column][/fusion_builder_row][/fusion_builder_container]

  • Plants for a Purpose – Plants for alkaline/limey soil

    Plants for a Purpose – Plants for alkaline/limey soil

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    Make sure you choose the right plants best suited to alkaline or limey soil, for a thriving and healthy garden.

    [/fusion_text][fusion_title title_type=”text” rotation_effect=”bounceIn” display_time=”1200″ highlight_effect=”circle” loop_animation=”off” highlight_width=”9″ highlight_top_margin=”0″ before_text=”” rotation_text=”” highlight_text=”” after_text=”” title_link=”off” link_url=”” link_target=”_self” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” content_align_medium=”” content_align_small=”” content_align=”center” size=”2″ animated_font_size=”” fusion_font_family_title_font=”” fusion_font_variant_title_font=”” font_size=”” line_height=”” letter_spacing=”” text_transform=”” text_color=”” hue=”” saturation=”” lightness=”” alpha=”” animated_text_color=”” text_shadow=”no” text_shadow_vertical=”” text_shadow_horizontal=”” text_shadow_blur=”0″ text_shadow_color=”” text_stroke=”no” text_stroke_size=”1″ text_stroke_color=”” text_overflow=”none” margin_top_medium=”” margin_right_medium=”” margin_bottom_medium=”” margin_left_medium=”” margin_top_small=”” margin_right_small=”” margin_bottom_small=”” margin_left_small=”” margin_top=”” margin_right=”” margin_bottom=”” margin_left=”” margin_top_mobile=”” margin_bottom_mobile=”” gradient_font=”no” gradient_start_color=”” gradient_end_color=”” gradient_start_position=”0″ gradient_end_position=”100″ gradient_type=”linear” radial_direction=”center center” linear_angle=”180″ highlight_color=”” style_type=”single solid” sep_color=”” link_color=”” link_hover_color=”” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_color=”” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_delay=”0″ animation_offset=””]

    What is alkaline soil?

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    Soil is generally classified as alkaline or “sweet” if it has a high pH of more than 7.  The soil is classed as acid if it has a low pH of less than 7.

    Soil is usually alkaline if the underlying bedrock is chalk or limestone-based. This means that the soil will often be very free-draining and lower in nutrients than more neutral pH soils.

    If lumps of chalk appear when digging the soil that’s often a strong indicator that the soil is alkaline. But to be sure, buy a soil-testing pH kit from your local Garden Centre. The pH of your soil can make a big difference to the plants that will grow well in it.

    A main reason why plants that grow well in acid or neutral soils don’t do well in alkaline ones is because their roots can’t absorb certain nutrients important to their growth and health. Such as iron. It’s important to choose the right plants for this very specific soil type of alkaline soil.

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    Trees for alkaline soil

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    Very alkaline or chalky soils often dry out quickly.  Check the soil depth too, as these types of soil can be shallower with more chalk or rocks than soil!

    If you’d like to plant a tree, then look for ones that aren’t fussy about soil depth, water availability or nutrients.

    Crab apple, hawthorn and spindle trees will all grow well in these conditions. And they won’t dominate the garden or cause excess shade as they mature.

    The Judas tree (Cercis siliquastrum) will also grow extremely well in these conditions. They have the bonus of producing beautiful purple-pink flowers in spring.  You’ll see lots of these trees growing wild in the French countryside. The sight of them all in bloom is stunning.

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    Cercis canadensis ‘Lavender Twist’ (Redbud Lavender Twist)

    [/fusion_text][fusion_text columns=”” column_min_width=”” column_spacing=”” rule_style=”” rule_size=”” rule_color=”” hue=”” saturation=”” lightness=”” alpha=”” content_alignment_medium=”” content_alignment_small=”” content_alignment=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” margin_top=”” margin_right=”” margin_bottom=”” margin_left=”” fusion_font_family_text_font=”” fusion_font_variant_text_font=”” font_size=”” line_height=”” letter_spacing=”” text_transform=”” text_color=”” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_color=”” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_delay=”0″ animation_offset=”” logics=””]

    How about a weeping form of the redbud?  It’s ideal for smaller gardens and, not growing so tall, there won’t be so many roots needed to support the tree’s stem which should help it establish well in a chalky soil garden.  Come spring the bare branches become laden with stunning lilac-pink flowers and, as they fade, their place is taken by heart-shaped vibrant green, leaves which in turn change to bright, buttery shades of yellow before falling in the autumn months.  The other good news is that it doesn’t require pruning!

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    • Flowers from March to April
    • Hardy
    • Grows to 200cm tall and 150cm wide
    • Well-drained soil
    • Prefers full or part shade
    • Sheltered

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    If you wanted to grow a fruit tree then apples, pears and cherry trees all grow well on alkaline soil.

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    Shrubs for alkaline soil

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    Fortunately, many shrubs thrive in alkaline soil.  Berberis, cotinus, lavender and potentilla are all very happy growing in these soil conditions.  If year-round presence is required, there are several evergreen plants of varying heights too. Such as euonymus and arbutus, the strawberry tree, so called because of the colour and shape of its fruit. These fruits appear during the autumn months.  If you’re looking for an evergreen shrub that also flowers, then Californian lilac (Ceanothus) is a great choice.

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    Ceanothus ‘Autumnal Blue’ (Californian lilac)

    [/fusion_text][fusion_text columns=”” column_min_width=”” column_spacing=”” rule_style=”” rule_size=”” rule_color=”” hue=”” saturation=”” lightness=”” alpha=”” content_alignment_medium=”” content_alignment_small=”” content_alignment=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” margin_top=”” margin_right=”” margin_bottom=”” margin_left=”” fusion_font_family_text_font=”” fusion_font_variant_text_font=”” font_size=”” line_height=”” letter_spacing=”” text_transform=”” text_color=”” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_color=”” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_delay=”0″ animation_offset=”” logics=””]

    This handsome, evergreen shrub has fluffy clusters of sky-blue flowers and small, glossy, bright green leaves. It has a strong, upright habit and is ideal for training on a sunny wall. Or even for the back of a south or west-facing shrub border. It is one of the hardier varieties of Californian lilac. However, it will need protection from strong wind so make sure to plant in a sheltered position in the garden.

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    • Flowers from August to October
    • Hardy
    • Grows to 300cm tall and 300cm wide
    • Well-drained, moderately fertile soil
    • Prefers full sun
    • Sheltered

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    Perennials for alkaline soil

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    Achillea, campanula, phlox and salvias will all grow well in alkaline soil.

    Achillea are long-lasting, easy to grow and available in a wide range of both bright and pastel colours. This makes them a great choice for this soil type.

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    Achillea millefolium ‘Lilac Beauty’ (Yarrow)

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    This variety delights with a profusion of lilac flowers all summer long, fading to a delightful lavender pink with time.  Looks great growing next to dark purple flowered salvias and attracts many types of pollinating insects.

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    • Flowers from May to August
    • Hardy
    • Grows to 80cm tall and 60cm wide
    • Well-drained soil
    • Full sun
    • Exposed

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    Geranium phaeum (Dusky cranesbill)

    [/fusion_text][fusion_text columns=”” column_min_width=”” column_spacing=”” rule_style=”” rule_size=”” rule_color=”” hue=”” saturation=”” lightness=”” alpha=”” content_alignment_medium=”” content_alignment_small=”” content_alignment=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” margin_top=”” margin_right=”” margin_bottom=”” margin_left=”” fusion_font_family_text_font=”” fusion_font_variant_text_font=”” font_size=”” line_height=”” letter_spacing=”” text_transform=”” text_color=”” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_color=”” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_delay=”0″ animation_offset=”” logics=””]

    For shadier areas, look for shade-loving varieties of campanula or geranium. A lovely, easy-to-grow plant that delights with handsome, green leaves covered in deep purple markings. And, in late spring/early summer, flowers that are deep maroon colour with white centres.  The plant will soon bulk up and can be divided in spring to increase the number of plants you have.

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    • Flowers from May to June
    • Hardy
    • Grows to 100cm tall and 100cm wide
    • Well-drained soil
    • Prefers full or part shade but will also grow in sun
    • Exposed

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    Woody shrubs and herbs for alkaline soil

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    Many of the Mediterranean woody-stemmed herbs, like lavender, rosemary, and thyme, grow well in alkaline soil if given full sun. The free-draining nature of the soil suits them perfectly!  Avoid French or Spanish lavender if your garden is in a colder or more exposed area of the country.

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    Lavandula anguvstifolia ‘Munstead’ (Lavender)

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    This wonderfully compact grey-green leaved cultivar produces dense clumps of deep purple, scented flower spikes great for cutting and drying.  Ideal for path edges, where brushing against the plants releases a delightfully refreshing fragrance and also for the smaller garden.

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    • Flowers from July to September
    • Hardy
    • Grows to 45cm tall and 60cm wide
    • Well-drained soil
    • Full sun
    • Exposed

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    Origanum ‘Rosenkuppel’ (Oregano)

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    Many woody stem herbs such as oregano, marjoram, and thyme flourish too. And they are easy to grow, attracting many pollinating insects when in flower. This superb plant produces gorgeous, deep purple flowers during the summer and has handsome, small, rounded dark leaves. Pollinating insects adore the flowers and flock to them, particularly on sunny days.

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    • Flowers from June to August
    • Hardy
    • Grows to 60cm tall and 60cm wide
    • Well-drained soil
    • Full sun
    • Exposed

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    Climbers for alkaline soil

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    Our native honeysuckle will grow well. There are lots of cultivars from it such as ‘Serotina’ and ‘Graham Thomas’ to choose from.  A more self-contained evergreen climber is star jasmine, which will also produce scented flowers during the summer.

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    Trachelospermum jasminoides (Star Jasmine)

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    An easy-to-grow, evergreen climber with dark green leaves which often turn bronze during the winter months.  Once established it will produce highly scented, pure white flowers, in mid to late summer. In colder areas, grow against a warm, sheltered wall.

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    • Flowers from June to August
    • Hardy
    • Grows to 900cm tall and 600cm wide
    • Well-drained soil
    • Full sun or light shade
    • Sheltered

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    Ground cover plants for alkaline soil

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    Several types of geraniums will quickly cover large areas of ground. Or, for a shady area, why not try the sweetly scented lily of the valley?

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    Convallaria majalis (Lily of the Valley)

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    These plants will tolerate a broad range of soils and in late spring produce sweetly perfumed, white, nodding, bell-shaped flowers dangling daintily from thin stems amidst upright, broad leaves.

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    • Flowers in May
    • Hardy
    • Grows to 15cm tall and 25cm wide
    • Well-drained, moist soil
    • Part shade
    • Exposed

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    If you have limey/alkaline soil in your garden, consider growing some of these lovely plants and watch them thrive.

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    Find out how to test your soil’s pH:

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    Or check out my Pinterest board for more ideas:

    [/fusion_text][fusion_builder_row_inner][fusion_builder_column_inner type=”1_1″ layout=”2_3″ spacing=”” center_content=”no” hover_type=”none” link=”” min_height=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” class=”” id=”” background_color=”” background_image=”” background_position=”left top” background_repeat=”no-repeat” border_color=”” border_style=”solid” padding_top=”” padding_right=”” padding_bottom=”” padding_left=”” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_offset=”” last=”true” border_position=”all” border_sizes_top=”0″ border_sizes_bottom=”0″ border_sizes_left=”0″ border_sizes_right=”0″ first=”true” spacing_right=””][fusion_imageframe image_id=”46490|full” aspect_ratio=”” custom_aspect_ratio=”100″ aspect_ratio_position=”” skip_lazy_load=”” lightbox=”no” gallery_id=”” lightbox_image=”” lightbox_image_id=”” alt=”Pinterest” link=”https://www.pinterest.co.uk/daviddomoney/winter-garden/” linktarget=”_self” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” max_width=”” sticky_max_width=”” align_medium=”none” align_small=”none” align=”center” mask=”” custom_mask=”” mask_size=”” mask_custom_size=”” mask_position=”” mask_custom_position=”” mask_repeat=”” style_type=”none” blur=”” stylecolor=”” hue=”” saturation=”” lightness=”” alpha=”” hover_type=”none” magnify_full_img=”” magnify_duration=”120″ scroll_height=”100″ scroll_speed=”1″ margin_top_medium=”” margin_right_medium=”” margin_bottom_medium=”” margin_left_medium=”” margin_top_small=”” margin_right_small=”” margin_bottom_small=”” margin_left_small=”” margin_top=”” margin_right=”” margin_bottom=”” margin_left=”” bordersize=”” bordercolor=”” borderradius=”” z_index=”” caption_style=”off” caption_align_medium=”none” caption_align_small=”none” caption_align=”none” caption_title=”” caption_text=”” caption_title_tag=”2″ fusion_font_family_caption_title_font=”” fusion_font_variant_caption_title_font=”” caption_title_size=”” caption_title_line_height=”” caption_title_letter_spacing=”” caption_title_transform=”” caption_title_color=”” caption_background_color=”” fusion_font_family_caption_text_font=”” fusion_font_variant_caption_text_font=”” caption_text_size=”” caption_text_line_height=”” caption_text_letter_spacing=”” caption_text_transform=”” caption_text_color=”” caption_border_color=”” caption_overlay_color=”” caption_margin_top=”” caption_margin_right=”” caption_margin_bottom=”” caption_margin_left=”” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_color=”” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_delay=”0″ animation_offset=”” filter_hue=”0″ filter_saturation=”100″ filter_brightness=”100″ filter_contrast=”100″ filter_invert=”0″ filter_sepia=”0″ filter_opacity=”100″ filter_blur=”0″ filter_hue_hover=”0″ filter_saturation_hover=”100″ filter_brightness_hover=”100″ filter_contrast_hover=”100″ filter_invert_hover=”0″ filter_sepia_hover=”0″ filter_opacity_hover=”100″ filter_blur_hover=”0″]https://new.daviddomoney.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/Spring-board-pinterest.jpg[/fusion_imageframe][/fusion_builder_column_inner][/fusion_builder_row_inner][/fusion_builder_column][fusion_builder_column type=”1_6″ layout=”1_1″ spacing=”” center_content=”no” link=”” target=”_self” min_height=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” class=”” id=”” background_color=”” background_image=”” background_position=”left top” background_repeat=”no-repeat” hover_type=”none” border_color=”” border_style=”solid” border_position=”all” padding_top=”” padding_right=”” padding_bottom=”” padding_left=”” margin_top=”” margin_bottom=”” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_offset=”” last=”true” border_sizes_top=”0″ border_sizes_bottom=”0″ border_sizes_left=”0″ border_sizes_right=”0″ first=”false”][/fusion_builder_column][/fusion_builder_row][/fusion_builder_container]